Paestum, an ancient city of Magna Graecia founded by Greek colonists around the 6th century BC under the name Poseidonia, is one of Italy's most important archaeological sites. Its extraordinary preservation and magnificent Doric temples make it a reference point for the study of Greek and Roman civilization. Excavations at Paestum began systematically in the 18th century, when the discovery of ancient ruins piqued the interest of scholars and travelers on the Grand Tour. In particular: 1752 – The first temples were unearthed during construction of the Bourbon road. 19th century – Archaeologists and antiquarians began more extensive excavation campaigns. 20th century – Excavations became scientific, with the restoration of the entire urban area. Today – Research is ongoing and focuses on dwellings, necropolises, and infrastructure.