Pompeii, once known as Pompeios, was a Roman city located 22 km from Naples, Italy, within the boundaries of present-day Pompeii. It met its tragic end during the catastrophic eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD, which buried the city under a thick layer of ash. For 1600 years, Pompeii remained hidden until its accidental rediscovery in 1748. The preservation of buildings, artifacts, and even the bodies of victims, preserved by ash and mud, provides a poignant glimpse into the past. Ongoing excavations since its rediscovery have revealed an extraordinary archaeological site, offering insights into daily life in ancient Rome. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site alongside Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata, Pompeii is one of Italy's premier tourist destinations, attracting approximately 2.5 million visitors annually.